Percutaneous endoscopy is performed through the existing gallbladder drain tract that you already have. If your gallbladder drain was placed through a portion of the liver however, a new drain will have to be placed and the old one removed.

Percutaneous endoscopic procedure is a technique that can be used to treat patient that have gallstones, known as cholelithiasis, but cannot undergo surgery for gallbladder removal due to other medical issues. Often times these patients end up with a gallbladder drain, a cholecystostomy tube, that cannot be removed because of the risk of recurrent pain and symptoms.

SVC obstruction is a narrowing or blockage of the superior vena cava.